Phylogeny&Systematics+And+Structures

Phylogeny and Systematics:
Define Phylogeny: Phylogeny is looking back at the history or past of multiple species. Their past includes: characteristics, noticeable changes, observations, habits, environments they’ve lived in, population, and anything else that can help to describe and define the particular species.

Define Systematics: Systematics is the method or study that helps to observe and track the phylogeny or characteristics of the chosen species.

Structures:
When studying the past and characteristics of the species, it’s important to look at their ancestry and how each species relates to the other species. They compare this using homologous and analogous structures.

Homologous: When species share a common ancestor, they are often easily linked back through their body structures that were inherited. The most commonly described example of this would be the human, whale, lizard, and bird structural example. Because they all evolved from a species many years ago, we can unite them through the similar structures they have.



Analogous: After convergent evolution has taken place, species become more similar. When they adapt to their environments, their body structures change to match the area in which they live. These similar structures are not from a common ancestor, but from the adaptions they’ve made to survive. (Survival of the fittest)